Adult Female ~ No Longer Seen
First Year Identified: 1989 as a spring cub; 1992 as a subadult 175 Chowmane; 1996 as an adult female 014 Cubless; and in 2002 as an adult female 410 Four-Ton.
Last Year Observed: 2018 (Late June 2018)
Offspring Of: 1 Goatee is believed to be 410's mother
Known Litters of Cubs: At least 4, Possibly 5 if an Undocumented Litter in 1994 is true
Genetics Study Samples Obtained: 410 was successfully sampled in 2005 and 2006 when both hair and tissue samples were obtained by former wildlife biologist Tamara Olson.410 was successfully darted in 2016 and 2017 by Ranger Michael Saxton for the genetics study.
Identification:[]
2010 - 2015 Bears of Brooks River books: 410 is a large adult female. Her coat is medium brown with a grizzled appearance on her head and neck. She has a recognizable dished-shaped face and prominent muzzle. Her claws are dark, and she lacks distinctive scars. 410 is one of the largest females frequenting the Brooks River
2016 - 2018 Bears of Brooks River books: 410 is a large adult female. Early in summer, her coat is light to medium-brown and often shaggy. Her fall coat is darker and grizzled. She has a recognizable dished-shaped face, a droopy lower lip, and a prominent muzzle. Her claws are dark and she lacks distinctive scars. 410 is one of the oldest and largest females frequenting the Brooks River.
2017 - 2018 Bears of Brooks River books: 410 is one of the oldest bears frequenting the Brooks River.
Distinctive Behaviors:[]
2010 - 2015 Bears of Brooks River books: 410 fishes almost anywhere. She has been observed fishing in Naknek Lake, the lower Brooks River, and both above and below the falls. She is arguably the most human habituated bear to be found using the Brooks River, even while caring for cubs. 410 has been observed with people and heavy equipment operating within 15 meters. She will sleep on the trail near the bridge and in front of or underneath the wildlife viewing platforms, even with many people standing directly above. She may tree her cubs near the viewing platforms while she fishes.
Habituation is simply defined as getting used to something. Human habituated bears are used to our presence and often tolerate our close proximity. This give us remarkable opportunities to observe them, but they should not be considered tame or safe to be close to. Habituated bears are more likely to obtain food and play rewards (unattended equipment) from people if we are not careful. Plus, if they do react defensively, then we also have less time to react because they may be close when they are defensive.
2016 - 2018 Bears of Brooks River book: 410 fishes almost anywhere. She has been observed fishing in Naknek Lake, the lower Brooks River, and both above and below the falls. She is arguably the most human-habituated bear to be found using the Brooks River, even while caring for cubs. 410 has been observed with people and heavy equipment operating within 15 meters. She will sleep on the trail near the bridge, on the beach near the visitor center and lodge, and in front of or underneath the wildlife viewing platform. Habituation is simply defined as getting used to something. Human-habituated bears are used to our presence and often tolerate our close proximity. This gives us remarkable opportunities to observe them, but they should not be considered tame or safe to be close to. Human-habituated bears are more likely to obtain food and play rewards (unattended equipment) from people if we are not careful (see 273 ). Plus, if they do react defensively, then we also have less time to react because they may be close when they are defensive.
Other Information From the Rangers: In September and October, 410 often sits in the river and holds her chin high when she eats salmon.
Life History:[]
1989: Spring Cub with 1 Goatee & Littermate, Then 410 Only Remaining Spring Cub, Speculated[]
410 is believed to be the 1989 offspring of 1 Goatee . 410 was part of a litter of two spring cubs.
July 1989:[]
The other spring cub from 1 Goatee's litter was killed by a boar at Brooks Falls in July 1989; 410 escaped up at tree.
October 1989:[]
1989.10.14: Ranger Squibb fired two cracker rounds to chase a sow and offspring off of the scrap wood pile in the leach field behind BR-46. Bears had been tearing at scrap sheets of plywood. Most likely habituated sow "Goatee."
1990: Yearling with 1 Goatee, Speculated[]
410 was a yearling cub that remained in the care of 1 Goatee.
1992: Subadult, Assigned Bear Monitoring Number 175 & Nickname Chowmane[]
410 was identified as a subadult in 1992 , assigned bear monitoring number 175 and the nickname Chowmane.
June 1992:[]
1992.06.23: A habituated subadult bear was aversively conditioned when it loitered in the area of the fish cleaning building after a confrontation with another subadult bear. Subadult bear #175, "Chow Mein," blond upper body not shed out, dark legs and upturned nose. 2nd bear: fairly shed out, shed out patch on forehead. Bony hind end.
1994: 5.5 Year-Old Adult Female (?) with Possible Undocumented Litter of 2 Spring Cubs[]
The book, Bears of Katmai, by Matthias Breiter (appears to have first been published in German in 1999). Matthias Breiter writes that he observed Chowmane (a prior nickname for 410) as a spring cub with Goatee (410's mother). He also says that Chowmane returned at age 5 with two spring cubs, but it was a bad salmon year and 410 abandoned the cubs. While he was still photographing the bears at Brooks and was writing the book, it was late June two years later (1996) and 410 returned at age 7 with two more spring cubs. The 1996 litter of 2 spring cubs at the age of 7 does match the 1st documented litter that the NPS bear monitor data records.
Ranger Jeanne commented on August 5, 2017 at 19:31 helped to shed some light on this subject:
"Oh, Breiter. He used to come to Brooks Camp a lot. The bear ID records list 410's first documented litter in 1996, which is when it says notes suggest she had one spring cub that died. The monitoring program in its current iteration didn't exist when 410 was first identified. However, Tamara Olson did her graduate work 1988-1992 I believe, so it's possible that 410 had an earlier litter that wasn't documented.
It's quite possible that names like Ester, Lucy and Rambo are names Breiter came up with. They do not come up in the database, but there's no way to know for sure without talking to someone who was there at the time.
When I look up Goatee, her number does come up as 001. It's a bit weird though-the database is indexed by number, but that number only comes up when I search by the name Goatee. If I search on 001, nothing comes up. I can't find Diver in the database either."
1996: Adult Female #014 with 1 Spring Cub, 1st Documented Known Litter, Soon Lost It, Nickname Cubless[]
410 was identified as an adult female in 1996 , assigned bear monitoring number 014 at that time. 410 had her 1st documented litter of cubs, 1 spring cub in 1996, but soon lost it. 410 (known as 014 then) was given the nickname Cubless. When this spring cub died, 410 was observed burying the cub on the beach. While this is 410's first documented litter of cubs, it is possible that 410 had an earlier litter or earlier litters prior to 1996 as the monitoring program in its current iteration did not exist when 410 was first identified as an independent bear.
1998: Adult Female with 1 Spring Cub, 2nd Documented Known Litter[]
410 returned to the Brooks River with her 2nd documented known litter, 1 spring cub.
2001: Adult Female[]
August 2001:[]
2001.08.01: 410 returned to the Brooks River for the 2001 fall season
2002: Adult Female[]
July 2002:[]
2002.07.07-07.10: Park visitor Lewie Barber captured this video at Brooks Camp between 7/7-7/10/2002. 410 can be seen in 2 still photos at 44:38 and 44:40. The identification of 410 was confirmed by Mike Fitz on 6/8/2020.
September 2002:[]
2002.09.02: 410 returned to the Brooks River for the 2002 fall season.
2003: Adult Female[]
July 2003: []
2003.07.05: Randy Harris captured 3 photos of 410 on 7/5/2003,#1, #2 and #3.
September 2003:[]
2003.09.07: 410 returned to the Brooks River for the 2003 fall season.
2004: Adult Female with 3 Spring Cubs, 3rd Documented Known Litter[]
410 had 3 spring cubs / cubs-of-the-year; her 3rd known litter of cubs (to us). On 11/27/2017 at 17:06 Ranger Anela popped into the bearcam comments and shared these 2004 NPS photos of 410 and her cubs :
2004 Season:[]
410 in July 2004 vs 410 in September 2004 compared to 435 Holly in July 2005 vs 435 Holly in September 2005 NPS photos from the e-Book .:
July 2004:[]
2004.07.22: Could this be 410 with her 3 spring cubs in the photo by silverfish13?
September 2004:[]
2004.09.03: 410 returned to the Brooks River for the 2004 fall season.
2005: Adult Female with 3 Yearlings[]
2005 Date Unknown:[]
410 and her 3 yearlings , photographer unknown, BlueLily found the photo on 06/07/2017.
June 2005:[]
2005.06.21: 410 returned to Brooks River with 3 yearlings from her 2004 litter. On 11/27/2017 at 17:06 Ranger Anela popped into the bearcam comments and shared these 06/21/2005 NPS photos of 410 and her yearlings :
September 2005:[]
2005.09.16: 410 returned to the Brooks River for the 2005 fall season.
2006: Single Adult Female, Assigned Bear Monitoring Number 410 & Nickname Four-Ton[]
410 was identified as an adult female in 2006 , assigned bear monitoring number 410 and given the nickname Four-ton::
September 2006:[]
2006.09.04: 410 returned to the Brooks River for the 2006 fall season.
2007: Adult Female with 2 Spring Cubs, 4th Documented Known Litter[]
410 returned to the Brooks River with 2 spring cubs, her 4th documented known litter.
Early Season 2007:[]
(July 7, 2007 or prior) 410 nursing 2 spring cubs video :
2007 Season:[]
2007.??.??: 410 and her 2 spring cubs can be seen from 5:32-5:48 into this video by abenteueralaska. 408 CC is seen in the background with her three 2.5 year old cubs which included 128 Grazer. The ID's were confirmed by Mike Fitz on March 27, 2018 .:
2007.??.??: 410 can be seen with her two spring cubs from 0:51 - 1:01 in this video by GrizBear44.:
June 2007:[]
2007.06.29: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 410 with 2 spring cubs, her 4th and last known litter.
July 2007:[]
2007.07.??: 410 walks along the lower river with her 2 spring cubs, early July 2017 video by Hwaing Hsu.
2007.07.09: Could these July 9, 2007 photographs by Steve Argella be 410 and her 2 spring cubs? #1 , #2, #3 & #4
2007.07.10: Steve Agrella captured these photographs of 410 with her 2 spring cubs: #1 , #2 & #3
2007.07.11: Dan Lind captured 410 and her 2 spring cubs in a series of 23 photos on 7/11/2007. Click the right arrow to go through the series.
Bruce Yates, (Underwater Reflections) also photographed 410 and her 2 spring cubs on 7/11/2007, photo #1, photo #2.
2007.07.12: Bruce Yates (Underwater Refections) again photographed the 410 family on 7/12/2007, photo #1, photo #2 and photo #3.
2007.07.15: Ranger Roy photo of 410's 2 spring cubs up a tree.
2007.07.24: Safa2007a's photo of 410 with her 2 spring cubs in the river.
2007.07.28: Florence Nobuko Smith photographed 410 with her 2 spring cubs in the riffles on 7/28/2007, photo #1 and photo #2.
Fall 2007:[]
September 2007:[]
2007.09.11: 410 returned to the Brooks River for the 2011 fall season.
2008: Adult Female with 2 Yearlings, then 1 Remaining Yearling in Early July[]
410 returned to the Brooks River with the two offspring from her 2007 litter, now yearlings, but lost one in early July.
July 2008:[]
2008.07.??: Sailorjohn2's video; 410 can be seen from 08:10-08:12 into the video.:
2008.07.17: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 410 and her yearling top of falls.
2008.07.19: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 410's yearling. Ranger Jeanne's photo of 410's yearling and an eagle.
2008.07.20: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 410 and yearling sitting on rock far side of falls.
September 2008:[]
2008.09.15: 410 returned to the Brooks River for the 2008 fall season.
2008.09.20: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 410 and yearling in lower river.
2009: Single Adult Female[]
August 2009:[]
2009.08.31: 410 returned to the Brooks River for the 2009 fall season.
September 2009:[]
2010: Single Adult Female[]
410 was included in the 2010 Bears of Brooks River book on page 34. Information about 410 is included on page 2, How To Us This Book . 410 is also included on page 5, Do the same bears return to Brooks River each year?:
July 2010:[]
2010.07.21: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 410 (left) eating salmon with 634 Popeye (right).
2010.07.22: Jim & Deb Chagares captured these photographs of 747 courting / attempting to mate with 410: #1 , #2 , #3 , #4 , #5 , #6 , #7 , & #8 .
September 2010:[]
2010.09.03: 410 returned to the Brooks River for the 2010 fall season.
2011: Single Adult Female[]
2011 Season:[]
2011.??.??: 410 can be seen at 4:30 & 4:42 into this video by Lambden Photography.:
July 2011:[]
2011.07.02: Kissamoose captured these two July 2, 2011 photographs (#1 & #2 ) of 410. Mike Fitz commented on January 20, 2020 at 09:18 to confirm the ID of 410 in the Kissamoose photographs.
2011.07.04: A 7/4/2011 photo by Buddy Aluwihare was confirmed to be the "Grand ol'Dame 410" by Mike Fitz on 1/20/2020.
August 2011:[]
2011.08.30: 410 returned to the Brooks River for the 2011 fall season.
September 2011:[]
2012: Single Adult Female[]
410 was included in the 2012 Bears of Brooks River iBook:
July 2012:[]
2013: Single Adult Female[]
2013 Season:[]
410 can be seen at approximately 1:11 into this video by Gregg Burch with then KNP&P ranger Mike Fitz heard talking about 410's fish. Gregg's footage of 410 licking her claws after consuming her lower river catch is priceless!:
June 2013:[]
2013.06.27: Ranger Aaron Camire's photo of 410.
July 2013:[]
2013.07.11: Ranger Jeanne's photos of 410: Photo 1 & Photo 2
2013.07.18: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 3 bears chasing 410 with fish.
August 2013:[]
2013.08.29 13:00: Ranger Mike comments that 410 has been observed recently at Brooks Camp:
September 2013:[]
2013.09.07: 410 returned to the Brooks River for the 2013 fall season.
2013.09.11: Ranger Mike comment re: 410 in the area:
2013.09.16: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 410.
2013.09.18: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 410.
2013.09.24: Ranger Aaron Camire's photo of 410.
2013.09.27: Ranger Aaron Camire's photos (#1 , #2 , & #3 ) of 410.
2014: Single Adult Female[]
410 was included in the 2014 Bears of Brooks River book on page 37:
2014 Season:[]
Jen shared this snapshot of 410 from the 2014 season.:
Park visitor Hermosa Paul captured this video of 410 (right) and 273 (left).
HermosaPaul also captured video of 410 sitting at the falls, 0:00-0:05.
In a third video by HermosaPaul, 410 catches a fish in the far pool.
A 4th video by HermosaPaul shows 410 walking along the beach.
June 2014:[]
2014.06.27 :
2014.06.29: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 410.
July 2014:[]
2014.07.??: 410 being courted by 856, July 2014 video by Joan Wallner.
2014.07.03: Ranger Jeanne's photos of 410 napping: Photo 1, Photo 2 & Photo 3.
2014.07.04: 410 nap on bank of Brooks River below Brooks Falls video by JB Grace:
2014.07.12: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 410 napping.
2014.07.19: Ranger Jeanne's photos of 410: Photo 1 , Photo 2 & Photo 3 .
410 swats 128 Grazer on July 19, 2014 video by JB Grace:
September 2014:[]
2014.09.?? or PRIOR: Park visitor Dr Arif Herekar captured this video of 410 snorkeling. He also captured this video of 410 with the corner ranger directing park visitors to back up to bear trail to give 410 adequate access to critical food resources. (Published September 4, 2014): 1st video :
2014.09.03: 410 returned to the Brooks River for the 2014 fall season.
2014.09.06: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 410.
2014.09.12: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 410.
Park visitor Anna-Marie AZ captured these photos (#1 , #2 & #3 ) of 410 on September 12, 2014.:
Please request Anna-Marie AZ's permission prior to using her photographs!
2014.09.13: Park visitor Anna-Marie AZ captured these photos (#1 & #2 ) of 410.:
Please request Anna-Marie AZ's permission prior to using her photographs!
2014.09.14: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 409 Beadnose (left) and 410 (right) on spit.
2014.09.19-.09.25: Park visitor Laszlo Molnar posted this video which is believed to be from 9/19-9/25/2014 based on a 2nd video that had those dates. 410 can be seen multiple times napping on the spit at 0:42. 8:31, 12:07 with the Q coming in behind her, 12:18 and 24:35.
2014.09.22:
2014.09.23: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 410.
2014.09.24: Photograph by Arwind Agrawal. Arwind's description of the photo: "This bear seem to hang around the trail behind brooks river bridge. It obviously didn't like the road block set by road maintence staff and used it as chewing toy."
2014.09.26: Ranger Jeanne's photo of 410.
2014.09.29: Park visitor Arwind Agrawal photographed 410 on 9/24/2014. The caption of 410 was "This bear seem to hang around the trail behind brooks river bridge. It obviously didn't like the road block set by road maintence staff and used it as chewing toy."
October 2014:[]
Fall 2014:[]
2015: Single Adult Female[]
410 was included in the 2015 Bears of Brooks River book on page 39. A fall 2007 NPS photo of 410 by Ranger Roy Wood appears on page 5 of the 2015 edition of the book.:
410 was the inspiration for the 2015 Brooks Camp bear etiquette pin :
A pose inspired a pin. The artwork on Brooks Camp’s bear etiquette pin is influenced by Brooks River bears. In September and October, bear 410 often sits in the river and holds her chin high when she eats salmon. Her silhouette is captured on the 2015 Brooks Camp bear etiquette pin.
2015 or Prior:[]
410 (left) successfully fishing with 505 (right) in close proximity video by Nick Dale (published November 7. 2015):
410 eating salmon at top of Brooks Falls video by Nick Dale (published November 7, 2015):
2015 Season:[]
2015.??.??: Brooks Camp visitor thebuc1010 recorded this 2015 video where 856 can be seen courting 410 at 2:08-3:13. 409 Beadnose is briefly seen from 3:14-3:30.
2015.07.??: Volunteer in Park Anna-Marie AZ captured this video of 856 courting 410.
2015.07.??: Cam viewer Jen shared these 2015 season snapshots (#1 , #2 & #3 ) of 410 and 856.:
June 2015:[]
2015.06.25: 856 & 410 Doing the mating dance. Poor old girl! 410 (4 ton) is the oldest and largest female frequenting Brooks area in Katmai. She's thought to be about 26.5 yrs old. 856 is one of the largest and THE most dominant male in the area. Video by DTB:
2015.06.26: Juergen's gif of 856 courting 410. (gif link is no longer working 01/21/2020 ~ LTC)
Explore's June 26, 2015 (published date) highlight video of 856 courting 410.:
2015.06.28:
2015.06.30: Volunteer in Park Anna-Marie AZ captured these photos (#1 & #2 ) of 410 being courted by 856. Anna-Marie also captured this photo of 410.:
Please request Anna-Marie's permission prior to using her photographs!
2015.06.??: 410 Four Ton was observed being courted by 856 in June 2015. Explore.org created this highlight video :
July 2015:[]
2015.07.??: Park visitors, Ron & Linda Klein captured this photograph of 856 guarding a napping 410 on the North side of the Brooks River downriver of Brooks Falls (Goof_N posted 2020.01.19 09:35 ). Please request Ron & Linda Klein's permission prior to using their photographs!
2015.07.??: 856 and 410 photo by Laura Lyn Photography.
2015.07.??: Volunteer in Park Anna-Marie AZ captured this video of 856 courting 410.
2015.07.??: Laura Lyn Photography also captured 747 nuzzling 410 in July of 2015.
2015.07.??: "Bears of Brooks Falls-meet Four Ton, 410 and lover 856", July 2015 video by Helga Clephas. 856 is seen courting 410.
2015.07.01: 856 courting 410 Four-Ton video by Mso Belle
2015.07.02: 856 courting 410 near lower river gif by IslandDunesGal .
Volunteer In Park Anna-Marie AZ captured this photo of 410 (near, right) with 128 Grazer (far, left).:
Please request Anna-Marie AZ's permission prior to using her photograph!
2015.07.03: Ian Lyons 7/3/2015 photo of 410 sitting in the far pool.
2015.07.04: Volunteer In Park Anna-Marie AZ captured this photo of 410 being courted by 856. Anna-Marie also captured this photo of 410, Anna-Marie captured these photos (#1 & #2 ) of 410 with 89 Backpack.:
Please request Anna-Marie's permission prior to using her photographs!
2015.07.08:
856 courting 410 on spit video by twan1945:
856 courting 410 in lower river area video by DTB.
2015.07.10: 32 Chunk gets too close to 410 during the period of time that 856 is still courting 410. 856 displays his dominance regarding his access to female 410 in this video by JoeBear:
2015.07.11: 410 begging fish from 747 video by Martina:
2015.07.12: Volunteer in Park Anna-Marie AZ captured this photo of 410 with 480 Otis. Anna-Marie AZ also captured these photos (#1 & #2 ) of 775 Lefty stealing 410's fish.:
Please request Anna-Marie AZ's permission prior to using her photographs!
2015.07.14: Volunteer in Park Anna-Marie AZ captured these photos (#1 , #2 & #3 ) of 410 with 480 Otis.:
Please request Anna-Marie AZ's permission prior to using her photographs!
2015.07.16: Park visitor Kenneth Kearney captured these photos (#1 , #2 , #3 ) of 410.
2015.07.18: 410 photo by Truman Everts.
2015.07.23: KNP&P Facebook post ~ Bearcam Bear Profile 410 :
You like to eat. You like to sleep. You mind your own business. Maybe that’s why you’re the oldest known bear at Brooks River.
410 was thought to be a spring cub in 1989. Today, she one of the biggest female bears and routinely fishes at Brooks Falls near large adult males. 410 will fish nearly anywhere there are salmon—no matter what other bears and people are up to.
August 2015:[]
2015.08.08: 410 video by Victoria White:
September 2015:[]
2015.09.??: 410 taking a walk through Brooks Camp video by ytb53151:
2015.09.01: 410 returns to the Brooks River for the 2015 fall season.
Juergen gifs of 410: GIF 1 , GIF 2 , GIF 3 , GIF 4 & GIF 5 ♥.:
(Note: Wiki would not permit gif #1 to gif #4 to load, the files may be too large ~ 2020.01.22 LTC)
410 video by Explore.org:
2015.09.04:
410 nap and movement on the gravel bar video by BirdyGirly:
410 and 879 gif by Juergen ♥
(Wiki won't permit Juergen's above gif to be loaded in a gallery, the file may be too large ~ 01/21/2020 ~ LTC)
2015.09.13: Park visitor and cam viewer, Kathy (aka Trouble) got stuck in a bear jam on the lower river wildlife viewing platform from 12:00 - 15:20 in the pouring rain as 410 took one of her marathon naps. Kathy said that every once in a while 410 would pick her head and one paw up and they would get so excited thinking 410 was getting up and then 410 would plop her head back down. Kathy fell in love with 410 during her week at Brooks Camp.
2015.09.18: Ratna Narayan captured these snapshots (#1 , #2 & #3 ) of 410 on September 18, 2015 (p 01/01/2020 08:10 ).:
2015.09.20: Mike Fitz video of 410. Mike shared the following information about the observation:
"410 is one of the oldest and most human habituated bears at Brooks River. Here, she decides to rests under the Lower River Wildlife Viewing Platform on September 20, 2015. I stood about 10 feet above her when I recorded the footage. It gave me a great opportunity to look at the details of her fur, ears, and claws."
2015.09.24:
410 leads the parade of fat bears on Spit Road for Katmai National Park & Preserve's 97th Birthday....409 Beadnose and 32 Chunk follow behind her:
Video by DTB: (click the word video to the left to see DTB's Pretty Women and A Gentlemen version).
Video by Mickey Williams:
Video by JoeBear:
2015.09.25:
2015.09.26:
Cam viewer Jen shared these snapshots (#1 , #2 & #3 ) of 410. Cam viewer Kcanada shared her favorite gif of 410. Scooch shared this snapshot . Ratna captured these snapshots (#1 , #2 , #3 , #4 , #5 , #6 , & #7 ) of 410 (p 01/19/2020 08:18 ).:
Cam viewer Kam shared artwork created from 410's epic September 26, 2015 nap.:
410 nap video by Explore.org:
410 nap video by Mickey Williams:
2015.09.27: 410 video by Mickey Williams:
Fall 2015:[]
2015.0x.xx Date unknown, but appears to be in Fall of 2015 (410 has her Fall coat): 410 rolls around on ground near lower river East (satellite) wildlife viewing platform. Ranger Tammy Carmack can be heard on radio with another ranger. Video by KatmaiBrownBear:
2016: Single Adult Female[]
410 was included in the 2016 Bears of Brooks River book on page 46:
February 2016:[]
A bust of 410, one of Brooks River's most famous bears carved by KNP&P volunteer, Carl Ramm . KNP&P 02/20/2016 Facebook post :
2016 Season:[]
Carol Gray (grayfoxxpics) visited Brooks Camp in 2016 and captured photos of 410, most likely in July. 410 is seen in photos#39,#40 (on left) #41 and #52.
2016.??.??: Cam viewer Jen shared these 2016 season snapshots (#1 , #2 & #3 ) of 410. Jen also shared these snapshots (#1 , #2 & #3 ) of 410 with 747 from the 2016 season.:
2016 Season & Prior: Martina created this video of 410 observations from the 2016 season and prior seasons.:
2016.??.??: Naomi Boak created this rendering of 410 in 2016 (p 01/19/2020 03:13 ).:
June 2016:[]
2016.06.13:
410 returns to the Brooks River at approximately 19:00 :
2016.06.19: 410 on Spit Road video by Ratna:
2016.06.20: Ratna captured these snapshots (#1 , #2 , #3 & #4 ) of 410 and 480 Otis during a play-by-play (p 01/19/2020 09:10 ).:
2016.06.24: 410 displaces a park visitor video by Melissa Freels:
2016.06.26:
This early morning video by Ratna provides a great close-up view of 410's profile and her droopy bottom lip; both of which can be very helpful when trying to ID 410:
This June 26, 2016 video by Martina shows some interesting behavior by 410. Goldilocks Canada shared these observations :
"At the beginning, it looks like 289 being followed by 89/Backpack. As she climbs on shore, you can see 410 sitting just upriver of the island (she was known to “attempt to share/share” fish that 747 would eat on the island). 747 appears from the area of the “J”. And follows 289 behind the downriver side of the platform. As 747 goes out of frame you can see 410 come into frame on the left. She follows the “prospective couple” out of frame.
410 had BIG “lady balls”.
Normally, the only bear that would dare to follow a courting 747 would be 856!
I believe 410 “knew” the power of courting the most dominant males. And how to use it to her benefit. She would fish the falls, with impunity from other bears, under their protective guard.....and took full advantage of that fact....day, after day, after day. ;))) She had not been seen with a new litter of cubs since 2007.
Have often wondered, was she courting for procreation, or open access to her favourite fishing spot???
Why would she follow them? Was she trying to protect her “fishing rights”?"
755 Scare D Bear, 410 & 747 video by Mickey WIlliams.:
747 courting 410 video by Mickey Williams:
2016.06.27: 814 Lurch chases 410 out of the far pool in this video by Ratna:
410 and 747 video by Arlene Beech:
89 Backpack enters the river in the beginning of this video by Ratna. At the 1:44 mark 83 Wayne Brother (note his rump wound) can be seen heading down river against the North side while 89 Backpack continues up river. At the 2:08 mark 83 Wayne Brother leaves the North bank and heads back into the river At the 2:11 mark 814 Lurch comes into view from the island area on the right. 83 Wayne Brother and 89 Backpack both take notice of 814 Lurch's presence. At the 2:30 mark when the live cam widens the view, 410 can be seen fishing in the far pool and it becomes visible that 747 has also taken notice of 814 Lurch's arrival on the scene. 83 Wayne Brother holds his position on the North side remaining close to or on the bank. 747 displays his cowboy walk as he heads in the direction of 814 Lurch. At the 2:50 mark 89 Backpack begins his retreat to the top of the falls. At the 3:09 mark, 83 Wayne Brother begins his retreat up the hill on the North side of the river below the falls. At the 3:20 mark, 89 Backpack takes a seat on the rock At 3:25, 747 begins to move in the direction of 410 over in the far pool. At 3:32 89 Backpack moves from his seated position on the rock and heads up river. 410 also begins to move from the far pool and also makes her way above the falls as 747 comes closer. At 3:43, 814 Lurch moves down river towards the island. At 4:04 410 moves closer to the edge of the falls with 747 still remaining in the far pool. 89 Backpack makes his retreat out of view. At 4:40, 410 begins to test the option of returning to the far pool but by 4:47 as 747 moves in her direction, she rethinks that option and backs off a bit. When 410 determines that it is safe she does climb back down from above the falls and 747 continues to court 410. At 5:45, 747 takes a seat and guards 410 while she fishes in the far pool. At 9:17 747 moves towards the area between the jacuzzi and the far pool.
2016.06.28: Mickey Williams captured this video of 410 foraging and then napping on the island down river of the falls.:
Mickey Williams captured this video of 410 and 747 at approximately 11:50 AKDT.:
Mickey Williams captured this video of 747 attempting to steal 410's fish at approximately 12:50 AKDT:
410 and 747 video by Ratna (89 Backpack is the other bear in the video):
410 and 747 close up video by Ratna.:
410 (background) and 747 (foreground) video by Juergen:
Mickey Williams captured this video of 83 Wayne Brother (with his fresh left shoulder and rump wounds) attempting to steal 410's fish. 747 is the bear in the jacuzzi in the beginning of the video when 410 first catches her fish and then heads to the North bank of Brooks River to eat it.:
410 nap on the island downriver of Brooks Falls gif created by Juergen ♥.
(Wiki won't permit Juergen's gif to be loaded in gallery, file may be too large, please click above link to view gif 01/20/2020 ~ LTC)
Volunteer in Park Anna-Marie AZ captured this photo of 410.:
Please request Anna-Marie's permission prior to using her photographs!
Sunny captured this snapshot of 410 on June 28, 2016 (p 01/19/2020 05:40 ).:
2016.06.30: JoeBear's creation of As The Falls Flow starring 410, 89 Backpack, 856 and 747.:
June 2016 - July 2016:[]
2016.06.29 - 2016.07.03: Park visitor 13blove13 captured this video between June 29, 2016 and July 3, 2016. At the 1:40 mark 274 Overflow can be seen stealing a fish from 410. At 28 years old, this old gal still has a lot of fight in her.:
July 2016:[]
2016.07.??: Park visitor Dave Shumway photographed 410 in July of 2016, photos#1, #2, and #3.
2016.07.??: Ernie Madarang captured video of 410 in July 2016. 410 can be seen at 6:47 glimpse of 410 in far pool, 9:00 410 begging from 747 and getting very close doing so, 12:00 ish 410 scratching and being described as infested with insects, and at 13:13 410 eating a salmon, 14:00 extended scene of 747 following 410 and sniffing her with his nose right by her tail (she looked to be a bit irritated as he was following her up to the falls).
2016.07.01: Juergen's gifs of 410: gif #1 & gif #2
(Wiki would not permit Juergen's above gif's to be loaded in a gallery, the files may be too large ~ 2020.01.22 LTC)
2016.07.03: Ratna captured these snapshots (#1 , #2 , #3 & #4 ) of 410 with 747 (p 01/19/2020 16:19 ).:
410 and 480 Otis video by Mickey Williams:
Cam viewer and Brooks Camp visitor photobearsbry captured this 7/3/2016 video of 410 walking up the far side of the Brooks River bank.
2016.07.04: Volunteer in Park Anna-Marie AZ captured this photo of 410.:
2016.07.05: 410 in lower river video by Ratna:
2016.07.07: 775 Lefty steals 410's fish video by LuvBears.:
2016.07.12: Volunteer in Park Anna-Marie AZ captured this photo of 410, 747, 480 Otis and another bear (near to far).
Please request Anna-Marie's permission prior to using her photographs!:
2016.07.13:
12:25: 410 enjoying some salmon video by Mickey Williams:
2016.07.14: Kenneth Kearney captured this photo of 410.
2016.07.18: Mickey Williams captured this video of 410 at approximately 19:08 Alaska time.:
2016.07.21: Park visitor and cam viewer, Truman Everts captured this photo of 410 napping in the tall grasses during his trip to Brooks Camp.
Park visitor delphinusorca captured this photo of 410 on 7/21/2016. The description of "Grandmother" by the photographer: We were walking on our way to the falls when we noticed this bear swimming in Naknek Lake. As she came closer we went onto the lower river viewing platform. Much to our delight, she climbed up on the bank and made a little nest in the grass right in front of us, then settled in for a long nap. The rangers told us that they believe she is deaf, 28 years old and maybe the oldest bear in the neighborhood. Despite this, she appears very healthy with a beautiful coat and a strong full body. Brown bear at mouth of Brooks River, Katmai National Park, Alaska."
2016.07.24:
410 video by Melissa Freels:
410 video by Brenda D. This is a longer version of the above video by Melissa Freels. This video by Brenda D demonstrates how easily bears, even ones as large as 410 can hide in the tall grasses in the area. Note: Video unavailable as of 2021. Thumbnail left for context.
410 napping under lower river wildlife viewing platform KNP&P video; click here to view video on KNP&P Facebook page.
2016.07.25: This video of 410 by Brenda D provides a helpful example of how to ID a female bear. Female bears urinate in a stream behind them. Male bears urinate between their hind legs. Note: Video unavailable as of 2021. Thumbnail left for context.
Melissa Freels 7/25/2016 video of 410 in the fireweed, at 5:14.
2016.07.26: Volunteer in Park Anna-Marie AZ captured these photos (#1 , #2 , #3 , #4 & #5 ) of 410 fishing in the lower river.:
Please request Anna-Marie's permission prior to using her photographs!
August 2016:[]
2016.08.05: GreenRiver captured this snapshot of 410 (near), 747 center, and 480 Otis (far) (p 01/26/2020 06:07 ).:
2016.08.08: 410 eating salmon at Brooks Falls video by Brenda D. Note: Video unavailable as of 2021. Thumbnail left for context.
2016.08.10:
08:51: 32 Chunk leaves jacuzzi to fish near 410 in far pool video by Mickey Williams:
09:10: 410 catches a fish, 32 Chunk (foreground) and another bear (603 maybe in office) video by Mickey Williams:
09:16: 410 (foreground) with 32 Chunk (far pool) and other bears (603 maybe in office) (151 Walker moving up river at far wall approximately 1:49 into video and then quickly displaced by 32 Chunk when 151 Walker attempts to move into far pool) video by Mickey Williams:
09:43: 410 (center, catches fish) with 32 Chunk (right, bear that stands up on hind legs) and a mystery bear (left) video by Mickey Williams:
Martina's gif of 410 (center) with 32 (right) and a mystery bear (left).
September 2016:[]
2016.09.??: Brian Lashchuk captured this September 2016 video of 410 in camp.
2016.09.14: Cam viewer and Brooks Camp visitor Lisa Robertson (aka Larinor) shared this 9/14/2016 photo of 410 on 2/9/2022. Lisa commented "The Queen of Katmai, Bear 410, on the lower river on 9/14/16. It was a cloudy afternoon, so the photo was quite dark. I tried to lighten it up a bit with editing. Photo was taken by me."
Please request Lisa Robertson's (aka Larinor) permission prior to using her photographs!
2016.09.17:
Martina gif of 410 on spit.
410 on spit video by CherylB (aka BearNecesseties):
2016.09.18: 410 pre dawn fishing in lower river video by Ratna. You will see that signature pose that inspired the bear etiquette pin created in 410's honor:
410 video by Melissa Freels (aka MelissaInOR):
2016.09.19:
410 at sunrise video by Brenda D. Note: Video unavailable as of 2021. Thumbnail left for context.
09:30: 410 digs belly hole on spit video by Mickey Williams:
October 2016:[]
2016.10.02: LuvBears shared this snapshot of 410.:
410 nap on spit video by Ratna part 1:
410 nap and walk around on spit video by Ratna part 2. At about the 1 minute mark you can see her pee without getting up.:
2016.10.03: GreenRiver captured these snapshots (#1 & #2 ) of 410 fishing in Naknek Lake (p 01/19/2020 03:58 ). GreenRiver captured this snapshot of 410 walking on the spit (p 01/19/2020 04:02 ).:
410 nap on spit video by Brenda D. Note: Video unavailable as of 2021. Thumbnail left for context.
2016.10.04:
410 on spit video by Ratna part 1:
410 rolling around on the spit video by Ratna:
2016.10.06: GreenRiver captured these snapshots (#1 & #2 ) of 410 at sunset (p 01/19/2020 04:02 ).:
410 on the spit video by Erum Chad (aka Erie):
410 moves video by Martina:
2016.10.07:
GreenRiver captured this October 7, 2016 snapshot of 410 (p 01/19/2020 04:16 ).:
2016.10.08:
GreenRiver captured these snapshots (#1 & #2 ) on October 8, 2016 (p 01/19/2020 04:16 ). Ratna captured these snapshots (#1 , #2 , #3 , #4 , #5 , #6 , #7 , #8 , #9 , #10 , #11 , #12 , #13 , #14 , #15 , #16 & #17 ) of 410 (p 01/19/2020 07:36 ).:
410's approach displaces a resting 273 from the grassy point and then 410 digs a belly hole in this video by Ratna Narayan.:
410 digs a belly hole video by Erum Chad (aka Erie):
410 napping up close video by LuvBears:
410 napping video by Ratna:
410 moves video by Ratna:
410 nap on spit video by CherylB (aka BearNecessities):
410 digs a mini belly hole video by Lyn Gulbransen.:
2016.10.14:
410 and 171 family group on spit video by Brenda D: (longer than Martina's version below) Note: Video unavailable as of 2021. Thumbnail left for context.
410 and 171 family group on spit video by Martina:
2016.10.16: GreenRiver captured these snapshots (#1 , #2 & #3 ) of 410 (p 01/19/2020 04:22 ).:
410 at sunset video by Brenda D. Note: Video unavailable as of 2021. Thumbnail left for context.
2017: Single Adult Female[]
410 was included in the 2017 Bears of Brooks River book on page 51:
2017 Season:[]
2017.??.??: Lovethebears1 shared this 2017 season snapshot of 410. GreenRiver shared these 2017 season snapshots (#1 , #2 , #3 , #4 , #5 , & #6 ) of 410 (p 01/19/2020 04:38 ). Cruiser shared this snapshot of 747 (near) with 410 (far) from the 2017 season (p 01/22/2020 16.39 ).::
2017.??.?? Mocha-SO CAL shared this 2017 photo of 410 in chat on 4/19/2020.
Please request mocha-SO CAL's permission prior to using her photographs!
2017.??.??: 410 swims under the floating bridge video by Mike Fitz. (published September 20, 2017):
June 2017:[]
2017.06.21: Ranger Russ Taylor captured this NPS photo , the 1st sighting of 410 when she returned to Brooks River for the 2017 season.:
Approximately 10:54: 410 returns to the Brooks River for the 2017 season per Ranger Dave's 06/21/2017 11:14 comment . Ranger Dave also shared these photos: Photo 1 & Photo 2 :
Ranger Russ Taylor captured this photo of 410 when she returned to the Brooks River for the 2017 season.:
2017.06.24: Bookmom shared this snapshot of 410 upriver of the island with 503 Cubadult (background left) and 274 Overflow (background right).:
2017.06.26
2017.06.28 12:34: 747 (foreground) and 410 (background) video by Mickey Williams:
Flyer 7474 (aka SteveCA) video of 410 in the riffles.:
July 2017:[]
2017.07.07: This video by Ratna Narayan in 435 Holly with her 2 spring cubs and 482 Brett , not 410.:
2017.07.26 & Prior: Stmango created this video of some of the best 410 naps.:
August 2017:[]
Need to complete this section
September 2017:[]
2017.09.??: Park visitor, Cheri, wrote a blog about 410 after she and her husband, Dale returned from their September 2017 trip to Brooks Camp.: Katmai National Park, Bear 410, Queen of the Bear Jam
2017.09.04: 410 on the lower river, 9/4/2017 video by Birgitt.
Bookmom shared these snapshots (#1 , #2 , #3 , #4 & #5 ) of 410. GreenRiver created this collage of September 4, 2017 snapshots of 410 (p 01/19/2020 09:45 ). Goldilocks, Canada shared these snapshots (#1 , #2 , #3 , #4 & #5 ) of 410 urinating (p 01/19/2020 16:04 ).:
410 in lower Brooks River video by Anna-Marie Gantt:
410 in lower river, gif by Juergen ♥
(Wiki won't permit gif to be loaded in a gallery, the file may be too large upload ~ LTC 01/20/2020)
410 in lower river video by Ratna:
410 in lower river at approximately 13:57 video by flyer 7474 (aka SteveCA):
Birgitt captured this video of 410:
2017.09.05 Approximately 09:15: 410 returns to Brooks Falls video by flyer 7474 (aka SteveCA):
Goldilocks, Canada shared these snapshots (#1 , #2 , #3 , #4 & #5 ) of 410 (p 01/19/2020 17:33 ).:
410 lacks the desire to play with 503 Cubadult video by Patricia65.:
Xander-Sage shared these snapshots (#1 , #2 & #3 ) of 410 and 503 Cubadult (p 01/18/2020 10:27 ).:
2017.09.09:
Bookmom shared these September 9, 2017 snapshots (#1 & #2 ) of 410 (p 01/19/2020 05:29 ).:
410 video by Patricia 65:
410 digs a belly hole video by Birgitt:
410 digs belly hole on spit video by tsaneda:
410 thinks about getting up video by tsaneda:
410 video by Ratna:
2017.09.10: Bookmom shared these snapshots (#1 , #2 & #3 ) of 410 (p 01/19/2020 05:29 ).:
410 in lower river fishing, digging and napping video by Brenda D. Note: Video unavailable as of 2021. Thumbnail left for context.
410 in lower river and on spit video by Ratna:
410 snorkeling in lower river video by Brenda D. Note: Video unavailable as of 2021. Thumbnail left for context.
410 walks below lower river platform video by Brenda D. Note: Video unavailable as of 2021. Thumbnail left for context.
2017.09.10: Shel captured these snapshots (#1 , #2 , #3 & #4 ) of 410 relecting (p 01/19/2020 12:50 ).:
2017.09.11: 410 napping on spit video by Ratna:
2017.09.10 - 2017.09.18: Bookmom shared these snapshots (#1 , #2 , #3 & #4 ) taken between September 10, 2017 and September 18, 2017.:
2017.09.14:
LuvBears shared these snapshots (#1 , #2 & #3 ) of 410.:
435 Holly and her cubs disrupt 410's nap video by Birgitt:
410 moves 09/14/2017 approximately 18:40 video by flyer 7474 (aka SteveCA):
410 photos by Lee (aka RiverPA) taken at Brooks Camp 09/14/2017 :
Please obtain Lee's (aka RiverPA's ) permission prior to using their photos!
2017.09.15: 410 photos by Lee (aka RiverPA) taken at Brooks Camp 09/15/2017:
Please obtain Lee's (aka RiverPA's) permission prior to using their photos!
2017.09.16: Brenda D captured video of 410 during a Play by Play with Ranger David Kopshever on 9/16/2017. 410 is seen on the spit with 435 Holly and her 2 spring cubs in the background starting at 21:40. 410 can be viewed from 20:23-41:41. Note: Video unavailable as of 2021. Thumbnail left for context.
2017.09.17: 410 in lower river video by Brenda D. Note: Video unavailable as of 2021. Thumbnail left for context.
Cheryl B's 9/17/2017 video of The Queen 410.
2017.09.18: Bookmom captured this snapshot of 410 (p 01/19/2020 05:02 ).:
Breakfast with 410 video by CherylB (aka BearNecessities):
Explore Recorder video of 410 on September 18, 2017:
2017.09.20 (Published date): Mike Fitz' video of 410 swimming under the floating bridge. Mike's description in the video says: "Bear 410 is the oldest known bear at Brooks River, estimated to be 28 years old in 2017. She's an efficient swimmer and frequently searches for dead and dying salmon near the floating bridge at the mouth of the river.":
October 2017:[]
Need to complete this section
2018: Single Adult Female[]
410 was included in the 2018 Bears of Brooks River book on page 50.:
June 2018:[]
2018.06.18: 2018 Bearcam Stories: The Elders of Brooks River Explore Medium blog by Mike Fitz.
2018.06.29: After 747 is spotted marking an area below the viewing platform, 410 Four-Ton returns to Brooks Falls.video by Flyer 7474 (SteveCA).:
410 video by Erum Chad (aka Erie).:
410 video by Cruiser.:
June 29, 2018 Explore Recorder video , the last time 410 was observed on the Explore.org live cams. The bear at 39:39 is 747. The bear near 40:07 is 410.:
Cruiser captured this snapshot of 410 (p 04/03/2019 05:22 ). Sunny captured this snapshot of 410 (p 01/19/2020 06:11 ).::
Park visitor Stanislav Don Simon captured two 6/29/20218 photos of 410 on the last day she was observed, #1 and #2.
2019: 410 Was Not Observed During the 2019 Season[]
410 was not observed during the 2019 season. It is not known why she did not return to the Brooks River in 2019. It is believed that 410 would have been 30 years old in 2019, so her age would suggest that she may be deceased, 410 was last observed in late June of 2018. 410 is believed to have used the Brooks River each and every year since her birth in 1989. 410's extremely limited use of the Brooks River in 2018 is a major change in her previously observed and documented behavior. Bears do alter their behavior for unknown reasons...perhaps she found a better fishing location, perhaps the large number of cubs and subadults during the 2017, 2018 and 2019 seasons prompted this change in behavior, perhaps the increased park visitor numbers played a role (but 410 was an extremely habituated bear to the presence of people)...the real answer is, we will, in all likelihood, never know the answer to the question "Where is 410?" It is however highly likely countless "paws", 856's and 747's included, are crossed that 410 will magically reappear at the Brooks River or be observed and documented fishing peacefully in another location not too far from the Brooks River in 2020. Until we possibly see 410 again, we leave you with this:
From cam viewer and park visitor "Scooch" (p 01/21/2020 01:11 ):
From cam viewer Deanna Dittloff (aka deelynnd), a video tribute to 410, the Queen of Brooks River:
From cam viewer, Goldilocks, Canada (p 01/19/2020 16:23 ): "A number of years ago, when I realized what the anagram for Four Ten was.....I just had to do this meme for Fat Bear week."
How 175 Chowmane, 014 Cubless & 410 Four-Ton Got Her Nicknames:[]
1992: 175 Chowmane[]
In 1992 , 410, a then subadult, was assigned bear monitoring number 175 and the nickname Chowmane. It is not known to us what inspired the nickname Chowmane.
1996: 014 Cubless[]
In 1996 , 410 a then adult female with 1 spring cub, was assigned bear monitoring number 014 . The spring cub died and 410 was observed burying the cub on the beach. It is presumed that the nickname Cubless was due to the loss of 410's cub.
2006: 410 Four-ton[]
In 2006 , 410 was assigned bear monitoring number 410 and given the nickname Four-ton. It is presumed that the nickname Four-ton was inspired by 410's bear monitoring number and the fact that she was a very large adult female. A play on words so to speak. Four-ton is a nickname that has not been used since 2006.
Fun Facts about 410:[]
- 410 was often observed parking her cubs and then going out to fish, sometimes for hours on end. After her fishing marathon, she would often forget where she parked her cubs and go around camp calling for them until she found them. Ranger Roy discusses a little about the end of the mothering spectrum 410 occupied in an October 28, 2015 live chat that was done after the death of 451's cub that was captured on the live cams. Beginning near 5:05 -- discussion of variable sow behavior when they lose a cub. Beginning near 6:20 -- discussion of how attentive some sows are toward cubs, including mention of 410
- 410 was observed burying her deceased cub (another thing to keep in mind when watching the above October 28, 2015 live chat
- 410 loved to dig belly holes
- 410 loved to take epic naps
- 410 was an extremely human habituated bear
Known Courting & Mating:[]
2010:[]
747: 747 Courted & Attempted Mating with 410:[]
July 22, 2010: Jim & Deb Chagares captured these photographs of 747 courting / attempting to mate with 410: #1 , #2 , #3 , #4 , #5 , #6 , #7 , & #8 .
2012:[]
856: 410 Mated with 856 in 2012[]
2013:[]
469. 747, 856 & 1 Other Bear: 410 mated with 469 "Digger" / "Patches", 747, 856 & 1 Other Bear[]
2014.06.22: Ranger Roy 06/22/2014 comment re: 410 mating in 2013:
2014:[]
856: 410 was Courted by 856 in 2014:[]
410 still manages to mate every year, even at her age. What we don't know is if she has cubs and does not return with them or mating does not result in cubs per Ranger Roy during 07/17/2014 09:00 live chat (approximately 49:13) . 410 was observed being courted by 856 from 06/27/2014 - 06/29/2014 by Ranger Jeanne. 410 was observed being courted by 856 on 07/22/2014 and 07/23/2014 on the live cams. Ranger Roy discusses the 07/22/2014 - 07/23/2014 courting between 410 and 856 during the 07/23/2014 live chat session 1 at approximately 5:52 into ustream video. On 07/25/2014, Tina Crowe (aka CalliopeJane) observed 410 being courted by 856 at Margot Creek.
2015:[]
856: 410 was Courted by 856 in 2015:[]
Beginning on 06/25/2015 and continuing into early July 2015, 410 was excessively courted by 856. 856 courting 410 in June 2015 highlight video by Explore.org:
Volunteer in Park Anna-Marie AZ captured this video of 856 courting 410 during the 2015 season. Juergen created this gif of 856 courting 410 on June 26, 2015.
Known Litters of Cubs:[]
410's first documented litter of cubs was in 1996. It is possible that 410 had an earlier litter of cubs prior to 1996 as the monitoring program in its current iteration did not exist when 410 was first identified as an independent bear. :
Possible Undocumented Litter: 1994, 2 Spring Cubs[]
Information that leads to the belief that 410 may have had a litter of cubs prior to her 1st documented litter in 1996 is this:
The book, Bears of Katmai, was by Matthias Breiter and appears to have first been published in German in 1999. He writes that he observed Chowmane as a COY with Goatee (410's mother). He also says that Chowmane returned at age 5 with two COY, but it was a bad salmon year and she abandoned the cubs. While he was still photographing the bears at Brooks and was writing the book, it was late June two years later and she has returned at age 7 with two more COY.
Ranger Jeanne commented on August 5, 2017 at 19:31 helped to shed some light on this subject:
"Oh, Breiter. He used to come to Brooks Camp a lot. The bear ID records list 410's first documented litter in 1996, which is when it says notes suggest she had one spring cub that died. The monitoring program in its current iteration didn't exist when 410 was first identified. However, Tamara Olson did her graduate work 1988-1992 I believe, so it's possible that 410 had an earlier litter that wasn't documented.
It's quite possible that names like Ester, Lucy and Rambo are names Breiter came up with. They do not come up in the database, but there's no way to know for sure without talking to someone who was there at the time.
When I look up Goatee, her number does come up as 001. It's a bit weird though-the database is indexed by number, but that number only comes up when I search by the name Goatee. If I search on 001, nothing comes up. I can't find Diver in the database either."
1st Known Litter: 1996[]
1996: 1 Spring Cub
This spring cub died and 410 was observed burying the cub on the beach.
2nd Known Litter: 1998[]
1998: 1 Spring Cub
3rd Known Litter: 2004[]
2004: 3 Spring Cubs
Direct link to Ranger Anela's comment and photos uploaded to Disqus
2005: 3 Yearlings
2006: Successful Emancipation Unknown, 410 Observed As Single Female
It is not known if the cubs from 410's 2004 litter were successfully emancipated in Spring of 2006. When 410 returned to Brooks Camp in July 2006 she was not observed with her 2004 offspring per Ranger Anela's 11/28/2017 16:17 comment.
4th Known Litter: 2007[]
2007: 2 Spring Cubs
Video of 410 nursing her spring cubs / photo of cubs in a tree / photo of the 410 and spring cubs
2008: 2 Yearlings, Then 1 Remaining Yearling in Early July
410 lost one of these yearlings in early July 2008
Note: 410 has been observed treeing her cubs so she could go out fishing for about seven hours and would forget where she parked her cubs. 410 would go around camp vocalizing and jaw popping at everything that made noise until she found her cubs again. Even at her age, 410 still manages to mate every year. What is not known is if she has cubs and does not return to the Brooks River area with then, or if mating does not result in the production of cubs.
Known Relatives:[]
Mother: 1 Goatee (Speculated)
1 Goatee is believed to be 410's mother
Offspring:
There are no known (DNA confirmed or unconfirmed) offspring of 410.
However, GreenRiver made an observation on January 12, 2020 . Could 410 be the mother of 634 Popeye ?:
"I know that 410 day isn’t until the 19th but while looking through my 2016 snapshots for pics of 409, I found some of 410. But what I noticed immediately looking at some of the pics is that her she has a “ crabby” face and what struck me is that 634 Popeye has her very same expression. Lips etc aren’t the same but there’s a lot that is the same. Is there a possibility that Popeye is her son? I don’t know if she had any male coy that lived?"
Kisper Samoyed made the same observation some time ago : "I noticed that some time age and sent an email to Ranger Michael to see if our thoughts are correct. No answer as of now."
KCanada replied to GreenRiver : "He was first identified as an “older subadult” in 2002, so if he were a cub of hers it would have to be her 1998 litter where she had one coy. I have no idea what became of that cub, though or what its gender was. ..."
GreenRiver shared these snapshots : "Well, When I saw this one pic of 410, it just reminded me of Popeye. So I did find a snapshot of Popeye from this past season. I just think they look similar. Maybe it’s just because they both seem to be frowning in these pics. :)
I know I’ve seen other pics that look like he is frowning."
Genetics Study Samples Obtained:[]
2005 & 2006: Hair & Tissue Samples Obtained by Wildlife Biologist, Tamara Olson[]
410 was successfully sampled in 2005 and 2006 when both hair and tissue samples were obtained by former wildlife biologist Tamara Olson.
2016: Successfully Darted by Ranger Michael Saxton[]
410 was successfully darted in 2016 by Ranger Michael Saxton for the genetics study.
2017: Successfully Darted by Ranger Michael Saxton[]
410 was successfully darted in 2017 by Ranger Michael Saxton for the genetics study. Katmai Bears (aka Bear 284 / Nick) captured this video of 410 being darted.:
A special thank you to KCanada for the NPS photos from the 2012 Brown Bears of Brooks Camp iBook.
A special thank you to Xander-Sage for creating the gif of NPS photos from the 2012 Brown Bears of Brooks Camp iBook.